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1 μήκων
μήκων, [dialect] Dor., Arc. [pref] μάκ-, Theoc.7.157, IG5(2).514.16 (Lycosura, ii B. C.): ωνος, ἡ (ὁ Arist. (v. infr. 11.2), Polem.Hist.88, Polyaen.8.6.1):—A poppy, esp. opium poppy, Papaver somniferum,μήκων δ' ἑτέρωσε κάρη βάλεν ἐνὶ κήπῳ Il.8.306
, cf. Ar.Av. 160, Thphr.HP1.12.2 (s. v.l.), Theoc.l.c.; μάκωνσι λευκαῖς IGl.c.; μ. ἥμερος, κηπευτή, Dsc. 4.64, Gal.6.548; μ. Ἡρακλεία frothy poppy, Silene venosa, Thphr.HP 9.12.5;μ. ἀφρώδης Dsc.4.66
; μ. κερατῖτις horned poppy, Glaucium flavum, Thphr.HP9.12.3, Dsc.4.65 (but = λεοντοπέταλον, Ps.-Dsc. 3.96); μ. μέλαινα corn poppy, Papaver Rhoeas, Thphr.HP9.11.9, Dsc. 4.64 ( μέλας Ps.-Dsc.ibid.); μ. ῥοιάς P. hybridum, Thphr.HP9.12.4, Dsc.4.63; μ. ἀγρία, = μ. μέλαινα, ib.64; μ. ἀγριωτέρα windrose, Papaver argemone, ibid.2 a single poppy-seed, Archim.Aren.2.4; collectively,μ. ἁδρά Hp.Mul.2.192
;μ. μεμελιτωμένη Th.4.26
; ὀπὸς μήκωνος opium, Asclep. ap. Gal.14.138, etc.V μ. ἀφρώδης, = πέπλος, spurge, Dsc.4.167; so μ. alone, as a purgative, freq. in Hp., Mul.2.124, 192, al., Morb.3.16;ὀπὸς μήκωνος Mul.2.201
; μ. alone, = τιθυμαλλίς, Dsc.4.164. (Etym. dub.; OHG. māgo, Germ. mohn, OSlav. makû are prob. borrowed.) -
2 μήκων
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `poppy, Papaver somniferum, poppy-head' (Θ 306), meatph. of poppy-like objects, e.g. `ink-bag of the cuttle-fish' (m., Arist.).Derivatives: 1. name of poppy-like plants (Euphorbia, wild lettuce): μηκών-ιον (Hp., Thphr.; also = `opium' [Phld.]), - ίς f. (Nic., inscr., pap.). - ῖτις (Gal., Redard 74; also name of a stone [Plin.], Redard 57). 2. adj. μηκών-ειος `spiced with poppy' (Philostr.), n. `opium' (S. E., sch.), f. - ίς (Alcm.), - ικός `poppy-like' (Thphr.). 3. Dimin. μηκωνάριον (Androm. ap. Gal.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Formation like βλήχων a. o. (Chantraine Form. 162). Clearly related to the Slav. and Germ. word for `poppy': Slav., e.g. Russ. CSl. makъ, Russ. mak (old ο-stem); Germ., e.g. OHG maho, MHG mahen, mān; besides with gramm. change OHG mago, OSw. val-moghi ( val- \< *u̯alha- `torpor') a. o. Notable are both the gramm. change and the short vowel against Gr. -ᾱ-, both of which can be interpreted as pointing to old. cognates. As acc. to botanists the poppy originates from the Mediterranean, it must be an already IE loan of a `Wanderwort'. WP. 2, 225 (with a quite doubtful root connection), Pok. 698, Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 2, 68 f., Machek Ling. Posn. 2, 158, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. aguonà. Fur. 218 compares βηκώνιον εἶδος βοτάνης and concludes to a Pre-Greek form.Page in Frisk: 2,225Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μήκων
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